BodyWiki · A–Z index
Entries starting with D
99
entries
Dancer's fractureA dancer's fracture is a spiral break in the shaft of the long bone on the little-toe side of the foot (the fifth metatarsal).Danger in me cuesDanger in me cues are any clues that may lead the brain to judge that "my body is in danger."Daniel David PalmerDaniel David Palmer founded chiropractic in 1895 in Davenport, Iowa, in the United States.DantianIn Eastern training traditions, the dantian is regarded as the body's center, where qi gathers and is cultivated.DaoyinDaoyin is an ancient Eastern health-cultivation practice that combines slow stretching and bending movements with breathing and mental focus.David ButlerDavid Butler is an Australian physical therapist who helped popularize neural mobilization, which approaches nerves in terms of movement, and pain educatioDavid G. SimonsDavid Simons (1922–2010) was an American physician known for coauthoring *Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual* with Janet Travell, brDe Quervain tenosynovitisDe Quervain tenosynovitis causes pain on the thumb side of the wrist that increases when you use your thumb or tilt your wrist.DeadliftThe deadlift is an exercise in which you grip a barbell resting on the floor and stand up using the strength of your glutes and the backs of your thighs.Deane JuhanDeane Juhan is an American bodywork educator and the author of *Job's Body*, who explains in accessible prose how hands-on treatment communicates with the Deep fasciaDeep fascia is a tough membrane of connective tissue that surrounds muscles and muscle groups and divides them into compartments.Deep fibular nerveThe deep fibular nerve supplies the muscles at the front of the lower leg that lift the ankle, and provides sensation to a small area of skin between the fDeep front lineIn the Anatomy Trains framework of myofascial meridians, the deep front line passes through the body's innermost, or “core,” layer.Deep gluteal syndromeDeep gluteal syndrome is a broad term for pain or tingling in the buttock, hip, and back of the thigh caused by compression or irritation of the sciatic neDeep hip external rotatorsThe deep hip external rotators are a group of six small muscles that support the hip joint deep within the buttock.Deep neck flexorsThe deep neck flexors are small muscles deep in front of the cervical vertebrae that support the head and neck.Deep tissue massageDeep tissue massage uses slow, deep pressure to reach the deeper layers of muscle and fascia, focusing on areas of long-standing tightness.Deep vein thrombosisDeep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which blood clots into a mass (a thrombus) inside a vein deep in the leg.DeFacilitated Fascial ReleaseDeFacilitated Fascial Release is a form of fascial release within Integrative Manual Therapy (IMT) that places stiff tissue in a comfortable position and hDegenerative spondylolisthesisDegenerative spondylolisthesis is a condition in which one vertebra slips slightly forward relative to the bone below it as you age.Delayed onset muscle sorenessDelayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is muscle aching, stiffness, and tenderness that begin about a day after unfamiliar or intense exercise.DeloadingDeloading is a way to reduce accumulated fatigue by deliberately lowering the amount or intensity of exercise for a set period, rather than taking a break Deltoid ligamentThe deltoid ligament is a strong group of ligaments on the inside of the ankle that fans out from the medial malleolus to the talus, calcaneus, and naviculDeltoid muscleThe deltoid is a triangular muscle that caps the shoulder and contributes to nearly every shoulder movement, including lifting the arm forward, raising it Dependent edemaLifestyle-related or positional edema is a common type of swelling in which the feet and ankles swell in the evening after prolonged standing or sitting.DermatomeA dermatome is an area of skin whose sensation is supplied by a single nerve root emerging from the spinal cord.DermisThe dermis is the thick, tough layer directly beneath the epidermis, the skin’s outer covering.Descended sacrumDescended sacrum is a concept in Integrative Manual Therapy (IMT) describing a sacrum that has settled below its normal position and become fixed there.Descended vertebraA descended vertebra is a concept in Integrative Manual Therapy (IMT) describing a vertebra that has moved below its normal position and become fixed thereDescending pain modulationDescending pain modulation is the body's system through which the brain sends signals down to the spinal cord to reduce (descending inhibition) or increaseDescribing pain and sensationHere are ways to put into words “where it is, when it started, what it feels like, and what changes it” when your body feels uncomfortable.Desirable difficultiesDesirable difficulties are practice conditions that feel a little harder and less fluent during practice but help you remember longer and apply what you haDetoxification in alternative medicineDetox is an umbrella term for health practices promoted as ways to remove waste from the body, such as juice cleanses, detox teas, supplements, fasting, saDevelopmental and genetic skeletal disordersThis guide compares conditions in which genetic factors are involved in how bone and connective tissue form and grow.Developmental dysplasia of the hipDevelopmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition in which a baby's thighbone head does not fit snugly into the hip socket, and the joint develops wiDevelopmental kinesiologyDevelopmental kinesiology examines how babies learn posture and movement on their own as they roll over, crawl, sit, and stand.Developmental Manual TherapyDevelopmental Manual Therapy is a manual therapy program developed by Sharon Weiselfish-Giammatteo, the founder of Integrative Manual Therapy, for people wDiabetic neuropathyDiabetic neuropathy is an umbrella term for peripheral nerve problems that occur in people with diabetes.Diane LeeDiane Lee is a Canadian physical therapist widely known for her book *The Pelvic Girdle*, which explores the pelvic girdle in depth.DiaphragmThe diaphragm is a broad, dome-shaped muscle separating the chest and abdomen and is the primary muscle of breathing.Diaphragmatic breathingDiaphragmatic breathing is a breathing pattern in which the diaphragm, the dome-shaped muscle below the chest, moves downward as you inhale, with the area Diastasis rectiDiastasis recti is a widening of the gap between the left and right rectus abdominis muscles along the middle of the abdomen.DiathermyDiathermy is a form of heat therapy that passes high-frequency electromagnetic energy through the body to warm deep muscles and tissues around joints from Dietary protein intakeProtein intake is the process of supplying your body with amino acids through food.Dietary supplementsDietary supplements are products made from ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and plant extracts in tablet, capsule, powder, or liquid foDifferential diagnosisDifferential diagnosis is a clinical reasoning process in which several hypotheses about possible causes of similar symptoms are considered, then narrowed Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosisDiffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a condition in which new bone grows along the front of the spine and where tendons and ligaments attach Digital annular pulleysDigital annular pulleys are ring-like structures that hold the finger flexor tendons close to the bones, preventing them from lifting away.Digital nerve entrapmentDigital nerve entrapment is a condition in which the thin sensory nerves running along either side of a finger are compressed by repeated pressure or frictDirect and indirect techniquesDirect techniques work toward the direction where the body feels stiff and restricted to release it, while indirect techniques follow the direction of comfDirectional susceptibility to movementDirectional susceptibility to movement is a perspective for observing movement that considers how the body moves particularly easily in certain directions,Disc desiccationDisc desiccation is a change in which the discs—the cushions between the vertebrae—lose water with age, becoming less resilient and losing height.Disc displacement without reductionDisc displacement without reduction is a condition in which the articular disc inside the temporomandibular joint shifts forward and does not return to itsDisc extrusionIn MRI reports, disc extrusion describes disc tissue that has pushed locally beyond the edge of a vertebra, with the displaced portion wider than its base Discoid meniscusA discoid meniscus is an inborn variation in shape in which a meniscus inside the knee is thick, broad, and disc-shaped rather than crescent-shaped.Distal biceps tendon ruptureA distal biceps tendon rupture is an injury in which the tendon connecting the biceps muscle to a forearm bone at the front of the elbow tears.Distal clavicular osteolysisDistal clavicular osteolysis is a condition in which the outer end of the clavicle gradually wears away under repeated compression, as though dissolving.Distal radius fractures in snowboardersThis injury happens when you instinctively put out a hand to break a fall while snowboarding, fracturing the end of the radius at the wrist.Distraction analgesiaDistraction is a way of reducing the attention focused on pain by turning your mind to an engaging activity.Distributed and massed practiceDistributed practice means spreading practice out with rest periods or intervals of a day or more between sessions, while massed practice means doing it alDisuseDisuse is a phenomenon in which the load on the body's tissues is greatly reduced for a long period, causing muscles, tendons, and bones to weaken as they Diversified techniqueThe Diversified technique is the most widely used hands-on adjustment technique in chiropractic.DizzinessDizziness is an umbrella term for different experiences, such as spinning, floating, unsteadiness, or feeling faint.Dominant eyeThe dominant eye is the eye the brain relies on more as a reference for judging position when both eyes are open.Donald E. IngberDonald Ingber is an American cell biologist who pursued the idea that “cells, too, hold themselves up like tensegrity structures” through experiments.Donguibogam*Donguibogam* is a medical text compiled by Heo Jun, a royal physician of Joseon, under royal orders and published in 1613.Donguisusebowon*Donguisusebowon* is a book completed in 1894 by Yi Je-ma, a medical scholar of the late Joseon period.Dorsal foot painDorsal foot pain is a broad term for pain, pressure, or aching on the top of the foot.Dorsal root ganglionA dorsal root ganglion is a small cluster of nerve cells that the body's sensory signals pass through just before entering the spinal cord.DorsiflexionDorsiflexion is an ankle movement that draws the top of the foot toward the shin.Dorsum of the footThe dorsum of the foot is its upper surface, opposite the sole.Dose–response relationshipA dose–response relationship describes how a response changes as the amount of a stimulus (the dose) changes.Double crush syndromeDouble crush syndrome is the concept that when the same nerve is compressed at two or more points along its course, compression at one site may make anotheDownhill knee painYour knees hurt when descending a mountain because they absorb the impact of every step while bent, and the muscles at the front of your thighs have to genDownward-facing dogDownward-facing dog is a yoga pose in which you place your hands and feet on the floor and lift your hips high to form an inverted V with your body.Driving postureDriving posture involves adjusting the seat distance, backrest angle, head restraint height, and steering wheel distance to fit your body.Driving posture and head restraint positioningProperly adjusting your seat, backrest, steering wheel, and head restraint once at the outset, in that order, can make your neck and lower back much more cDrop arm testThe drop arm test is a shoulder examination that checks whether you can slowly lower an arm raised out to the side.Dry brushingDry brushing is a self-care habit that involves sweeping a brush over dry skin before showering to remove dead skin cells and leave your body feeling refreDry cuppingDry cupping is a form of cupping that removes air from a cup to create negative pressure, lifting the skin and the tissue beneath it.Dry needlingDry needling is a procedure in which a fine needle is inserted into a tight knot in a muscle, known as a Myofascial trigger point, to relieve tightness andDual-energy X-ray absorptiometryDual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) uses X-rays at two different energy levels to measure the amount of mineral in bone, or bone mineral density.Dual-task gaitDual-task gait is a concept that looks at how walking changes when you do something else at the same time, such as talking or counting.Dupuytren contractureDupuytren contracture is a condition in which the connective tissue beneath the skin of the palm thickens, gradually bending the fingers toward the palm anDura materThe dura mater is the tough, thick outermost layer of the three membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.Dural sleeveThe dural sleeve is the region where the dura mater extends like a shirtsleeve around a nerve root as it leaves the spinal cord and passes through an openiDural venous sinusesThe dural venous sinuses are channels between the two layers of the dura mater, the tough membrane surrounding the brain inside the skull.Durkan testThe Durkan test is a simple wrist examination in which the examiner presses on the carpal tunnel on the palm side of the wrist with their thumbs to see wheDynamic knee valgusDynamic knee valgus is a movement in which the knees collapse inward relative to the feet during activities such as jump landings, squats, and changes of dDynamic Neuromuscular StabilizationDNS is an exercise and rehabilitation approach that helps people relearn breathing and trunk stability by drawing on how babies stabilize their trunks as tDynamic stretchingDynamic stretching involves repeating slow, large movements through a joint’s range of motion and returning to the starting position, rather than holding oDynamic TapeDynamic Tape is a sports tape that stretches in all directions and has strong recoil.DynapeniaDynapenia refers to an age-related decline in muscle strength, regardless of muscle size.DysautonomiaDysautonomia is a broad term for a range of conditions involving changes in functions governed by the autonomic nervous system, such as heart rate, blood pDysbiosisDysbiosis refers to a disruption in the balance of microorganisms living in the body, and the term is especially common when discussing an imbalance in gutDysesthesiaDysesthesia refers to an "unpleasant" abnormal sensation that occurs either without a stimulus or in response to one.Dysfunctional breathingDysfunctional breathing is a broad term for a state in which disrupted breathing patterns make breathing feel restricted and uncomfortable, even without anDysmenorrhea and lumbopelvic painIt is very common to experience aching or a heavy feeling not only in the lower abdomen but also in the low back and pelvis during menstruation.DysphagiaDysphagia means having difficulty swallowing food or water, feeling that something gets stuck when you swallow, or coughing or choking during swallowing.